October 14th, 2008 
Param 
History India has the past of thousands of years. The Hindu religious history has the record of millions of years. According to the Hindu belief the world is created and destroyed after every few millions of years. The Hindu historians claim that their history is almost 7000 years old but the modern historians claim that it is not more older than 5000 years. India’s geography and climate has always attracted and suited the human mankind. Food and easy availability of food used to be the main necessities of out ancestors. Ans In India at it was in abundance. Its rivers, forests and fertile land provided enough food and facilities that were necessary for the human existence. Who ever came to India, where it were invaders or traders,They all preferred to stay in India.
Geography Geographical conditions had divided India into many parts and different Kingdoms had been established in different parts. It is believed that Aryans were the first known invaders who pushed the local Dravidians towards southwards and got settled in the north Indian region. After Aryans, many other invaders came to India. They were Greeks, Scythians, Kushans and Huns. After the gap of hundreds of years it were Turks, Arabs, Afghans and then Europeans. North India was the most prosperous and naturally suitable area for human existence. All the invaders entered into India from the modern Afghanisthan. So Punjab and some other northern state of India and Pakistan had to face the invasions. Delhi had always remained the center of governing power from thousands of years. It can not be said that how many times it has been invaded, looted, destroyed and reestablished.
Maurya Dynasty Many dynasties ruled India. India has not always remained united. Some times it was divided into small parts and some times it was a united nation. There are many historical characters who united the divided India into one country. There is the Marya Empire which is considered to be the first empire that united the divided states into one nation. Chandragupta Maurya and Ashoka are the two main Maurya rulers who are considered to be the most successful and powerful rulers of their time. Maurya dynasty ruled the subcontinent during the 4th and 3rd centuries BCE. Its capital was Pataliputra near the modern Patna city. Chandragupta Maurya under the guidance of his guru Chanakaya had overthrown the Nanda Dynasty and had won the kingdom of Magadha. Magadha was the most prosperous and strongest state of that time. Chandragupta Maurya had won the some part of the modern Afghanistan also. His heirs expanded the kingdom towards modern south India.
Gupta Dynasty It was followed by Gupta dynasty. It ruled most of the northern India from around 320 to 550 C.E. During the rule of Gupta Empire India was at its peak in the fields of science, mathematics, astronomy, religion, literature and India philosophy. Chandra Gupta and Samudragupta were the two most successful Gupta rulers and their time is called the golden age of India. During the rule of Chandra Gupta II, the Gupta empire witnessed its highest point. After his death the decline of the empire started. The other two prominent Gupta rulers were Kumaragupta I and Skandagupta. After Skandagupta, Gupta empire broke away because of the continuous invasions of Huns. But various Gupta emperors continued to resist the Huns with the help of independent Kingdoms.
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