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Indian Community in London: London, the global city and among world’s largest financial centers, is capital of United Kingdom. London is beautiful and very advanced place with world’s latest technologies. London is counted among world’s most expensive cities and standard of living of people is very high. It affects its almost every field of country whether it is entertainment, finance, art, culture, fashion, media, politics or any other field. London is has many famous places for tourists which attracts the people from worldwide. There are four world heritages in London, Tower of London, the historic settlement of Greenwich, the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and the site comprising the Palace of Westminster, Westminster Abbey and St. Margaret’s Church. Other famous places of London are Big Ben, London Eye, St. Paul’s Cathedral, Tower Bridge, Buckingham Palace, Houses of Parliament, Madame Tussaud’s figure of wax, Hyde Park, Trafalgar Square, Covent Garden, British Museum, Piccadilly Circus, V&A Museum, Millennium Dome (O2), Natural History Museum, Kensington Gardens, City Hall, St. Paul’s Cathedral, Natural History Museum and many other places. About 437,000 Indians are living in London and they form 6.5% population of London. They are largest non-white ethnic minority group in London. Most of Indians in London are living in prime location like in Seven Kings and Green Street neighborhoods in east London, Neasden and Hendon in North West London and Southall and Hounslow to the west. People are from almost every religion and region of India and forming Indian communities. It is also home for maximum number of Indian Sikh people outside India. Indians living in London speak their own languages as well as English. Indians have various associations in London for various communities of people. There are also other centers for Indians like Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Nehru Center, India Welfare Society, Indian Worker’s Association, Brent Indian Association, Confederation of Indian Organizations (CIO) which aim at strengthening of Indian various associations and societies, Sangam Center, London Tamil Sangam, South London Anglo-Indian Association, Annapurna Music Circle India Welfare Society and many more. The aim of these organizations is to help Indian people living in London and organizing various activities to preserve Indian culture and heritage. They also celebrate Indian festivals and organize cultural function. They also organize Indian language classes in London for the Indian and other people living around. All these organizations help to foster the Indian culture in London and other areas.

Religions in London: Indians living in London are from various religions and practice their religions there. There are large numbers of Gurudwaras and centers for people of Sikh religion, some of them are Central Gurudwara Khalsa Jatha, Gurdwara Dasmesh Darbar, Gurudwara Nanak Darbar, Gurudwara Sikh Sangat, Ramgarhia Sikh Temple, Ramgarhia Sikh Gurudwara, Khalsa Centre Gurudwara, Woolwich Gurudwara Sahib, London Central Gurudwara (Khalsa Jatha), Guru Hargobind Sahib Sikh Temple, Sri Guru Singh Sabha, Guru Nanak Sar Gurudwara, Gurudwara Tegh Bahadur Sahib, Shromani Akali Dal c/o Gurudwara Nanaksar. There are also many associations for Sikh people and to take care of these religious places like Sikh Community Council Sikh Temple, Sri Guru Sanagat Association, Kingston Sikh Association, Sikh Missionary Society, International Sikh Youth Federation, Kent Ramgarhia Darbar and Community Center, Ramgarhia Welfare Darvar, Sikh Cultural Society of Great Britain. These societies aim at fostering the Sikh culture across the region and they celebrate various Sikh festivals and teach people lessons of Sikh religion. There are large numbers of Hindu people too living in London and also there are many temples for Hindu religion people where they can pray. Some of those temples are Isckon Krishna Temple, High Gate Hill Murugan Temple, London Murugan Temple, London Sivan Kovil, London Sri Murugan Temple, Shree Ganapathy Temple, Shree Karpaga Venayagar Kovil, Shree Marupuram Maha Pathrakali Amman Kovil, Shri Kanaga Thurgai Amman Kovil, Sivayogam London Muthumari Amman, Sri Mahalakshmi / Sri Siva Vishnu Temple, Sivayogam Muthumariyamman Temple and there are also various associations and societies for Hindu religion people of various community from various parts of the country, some of those are Vanza Community of South London, Vanza Society of London, Visa Sorthia Vanik Association, Vishwakarma Association of UK, Shree Swaminarayan Gadi Sansthan, Shree Kera Kundanpur Community, Sarvdesic Satya Samaj, Sangat Advice Centre, Sanskruti Foundation, Rajput Seva Samaj, Prajapati Association London, Navratri Garba, Lohana Community, Hindu Unity Council, Hindu Council of Brent, Hindu Centre East London, Harrow Gayatri Satsang Mandal, Gujarati Arya Association, Aden Mitra Mandal. These are some of communities of Hindu people from different regions of India and fostering the Hindu culture across the London by various activities and educational programs. There are also some Mosques for Islam religion people, Churches for Christian people where they can go for worship.

Jobs in London: There are wide scopes in London for Indian professionals in various fields. There are large number of professional who are well settled and made their name in the whole world. The richest person of United Kingdom, Lakshmi Mittal is also of Indian origin. Sri and Gopi Hinduja who are founders of Hinduja Group are also British Indian. There are many Indian business tycoon of India who are settled in London and expanding their business. Indians are working as IT professionals, professors and in many fields and have made their remarkable name in their streams. There are many personalities living in London like Salman Rushdie, Vikram Seth, Meera Syal and Krishnan Guru-Murthy who have made their name in Media and art field. Indians also have radio in Hindi language and other languages for Indian people living In London. Indians are working in technical fields as engineers and as scientists in various research projects. Indians are also making their name in field of entertainment and in world of television. Indians have also made their name in field of writing and there are many famous Indian writers in London who are British Indian. Indians have also affects on the British film industry and many Indian origin directors and producers are entertaining by their movies. Many British Indians are working filed of medical science research. British Indians have also effect on the politics of country and have important role in government formation.

Indian community in California: California is most populous state of United States of America and it is third largest state geographically with an area of 160,000 square miles after Alaska and Texas. The State of California has eight of the top 50 American cities according to population. State has some very famous cities like Los Angeles which is the country’s second-largest city and having second most populous city of USA after New York City with a population of 3,849,378 people, San Diego is at 8^th in area and 6^th largest city of country. Other popular cities of state are San Jose, San Francisco, California, Fresno, Sacramento, Long Beach, and Oakland, San Diego. The State of California is among one of the richest and most diverse parts of the world. It has many famous historical and natural places to visit which are center of attraction for the tourists. Some of the major attractions in San Francisco city of California state are Golden Gate Bridge, Fisherman’s Wharf, Cable Cars, Alcatraz, Alamo Square, China town, Golden Gate Park, Lombard Street, Coit Tower, Pier 39, Union Square, Palace of Fine Arts, Trans America Pyramid, City Hall, Japan town, Mission Dolores. Other cities also have many famous historical and natural beautiful places for visitors from across the world like Death Valley, Joshua Tree, Sequoia and Kings Canyon, Yosemite and so many other whole cities even to name like Los Angeles and San Francisco, California, San Diego which are wonders in themselves with their beauty.

Jobs in California: Maximum numbers of American Indians are living in California because of its vast job opportunities. Indians are forming their own community in California State and most of Indians are living in big cities of California like in San Francisco/San Jose/Oakland, Los Angeles and in other big cities. They are making use of the best possible opportunities available for them and doing progress. They are from various religions and regions of India and make a small India in California conserving Indian heritage and culture. They are also expanding their culture there in various ways. There are various organizations for Indian professionals as well as for the communities in California. Indo American Chamber of Commerce of North California which aims to promote the desires of Indian business people and professionals. They also try to make interest of Indian community in the commercial, financial and civic fields. To promote the Jain culture there is Jain Center of Northern California (JCNC) which is a non-profit organization formed in 1973 with only 20 families as its member to help the people of Jain religion and organize various activities to spread their culture. Now more than 600 families are having its membership in the San Francisco Bay Area. They also organize various lectures by scholars, pundits and monks and hold religious classes to teach people about their religion.

Associations in California: San Fernando Valley Gujarati Association is an organization for the people who belong to Indian state Gujrat and are settled in California. It is also a non-profit organization and aim at preserving their religious, cultural and social values. They organize various camps and education courses to expand Gujarati culture in Southern California. To strengthen the Kannada community there is organization Kannada Koota of Northern California (KKNC) which was started in 1973. They flourish their culture by providing religious, cultural education to people around them. They also organize various activities for people of their culture. For the people of Karnataka state of India who are residing in California there is organization Karnataka Cultural Association which helps the people of their region and community to flourish. They organize various cultural programs to expand their religion and preserve their heritage. Malayalee Association of Northern California (MANCA) is an organization for the people who are originally from Kerala and living in various regions of California. It is non-profit organization and located in San Francisco Bay area.  It has thousands of members of Kerala family and spreading their culture across the region by organizing cultural functions and educational classes.  There is separate organization for the Hindu people speaking Malayalee with name Organization of Hindu Malayalees. It aims at expansion of Hinduism and makes their generation learn about their heritage. To preserve Telugu people there is Telugu Association of Southern California which tries to promote their culture to next generation as well as to people living around them.

Religions in California: Indians living in California are from different religions and practicing their religion. There are various places for different people of different religions. There are many temples for Hindu religion people of various God at various places of California like Concorde Shiva Murugan Temple, Devi Mandir, Hindu Temple Cultural Center, Hindu Temple Society of Southern California, Hindu Temple Society of Southern California, Hindu Temple of Inland Empire, Hindu Temple of Kern County, Hindu Temple South-Bay, ISKCON Hare Krsna Temple, ISKCON Rukmini Dwarakadish Temple, ISKCON (Hare Krishna) Temple, Shirdi Saibaba temple, Sanathana Viswa Dharma Temple of Cosmic Religion, Swami Narayana Temple, Shree Mandir, Shree Ram Mandir of Modesto, SAVC Sri RadhaKrishna Temple, Sri Gayatri Chetna Center, Sri Siddhi Vinayaka Cultural Center, Bochasanwasi Shri Akshar Purushottam Swaminarayan Temple, Gayatri Mandir, Hindu Community and Cultural Center, ISKCON Temple of Silicon Valley, Shiva Vishnu Temple, ISKCON Temple, Jain Temple of California, Kali Mandir, Radha Govinda Temple, Shirdi Sai Center in Bay Area, Swami Narayan Temple, Swami Paramahamsa Nithyananda, Shree Laxmi Narayan Mandir, Vedic Temple and many other centers are also there for Hindu people can pray. There are many churches for Christian religion people in California at various places like Bible Mission Church, Asian Indian Church, Christ Church of India, Indian Community Church of the Valley, India Christian Fellowship, Indian Community Church and many other churches and centers are there where Christian people can read about their religion. For Islam religion people there are various mosques and religious center to study about their religion some of them are Islamic Center of Southern California, Islamic Center of Vallejo, Masjid Annur Islamic Center (MAIC), MCA of San Francisco Bay Area and Masjid Ar-Rashid in Compton.

Job opportunities: There are wide scopes for Indians in various fields where Indian can work and earn well. Indians in California are working in various forums like Information technology, professors in universities, in tourism, in restaurants. There are many Indians in California doing their business and expanding it throughout the world. Most of Indian communities are living in urban areas of California and most of them own their own house and have high standard of living.

Indians community in New York: New York State is third most populates state of United States of America having 27^th largest area in the country. New York City is the largest city geographically of New York State and accounting to 40% population of the state. It is most populous city of United States and known as gateway for immigration to America. New York City is very important city with its status as a financial, cultural, transportation, and manufacturing center for the country. New York City is place of interest for people from worldwide for its opportunities like business, jobs, education, trade etc. Majority of the state is having natural beauty contrasting with urban atmosphere of populous New York City. State contains some of the world’s most spectacular monuments, lakes, parks, valleys, rivers, gorges and waterfalls. Various world famous attractions in New York City are Statue of Liberty, Empire State Building, Central Park, Brooklyn Bridge, Times Square, Chrysler Building, Grand Central Terminal, Rockefeller Center, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Woolworth Building, United Nations HQ, Madison Square, Fifth Avenue, South Street Seaport, Ellis Island, Wall Street, Bryant Park and many others. State has two largest parks, Adirondack Park spread at about six million acres which is largest park of United states and the Catskill Park covering area of 700,000 acres. Niagara Falls and Hudson River are also very popular.

Indian Americans in metropolitan area: About 600,000 Indian Americans are living in New York metropolitan area which consist of New York State and adjacent areas of nearby states of New Jersey, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania. Indians forms a complete small India in New York with people from different states and religions of India are living there. They also speak their own languages as well as English and flourishing there with luxurious life style. There are many communities of India living in New York State and about 70% people of them are living in New York City. There are many associations of Indian community of different region and religions in New York. Maharashtra Mandal is association of 400 members for the people speaking Marathi language from India and residing in New York. It is a non-profit Organization to spread Marathi culture and they organize various cultural activities and celebrate Indian festivals. Greater Rochester Association of Malayalees is organization for Keral people living there and they also organize community activities and other various programs like Malayalam Language Classes. There is a community for Kannada speaking people “Kannada Koota” formed in 1973, which is trying to spread their culture. Gujarati Samaj of New York is an association formed in 1974 for the people who are settled in New York from state of Gujrat. It was formed to promote the Gujarati Culture in New York and nearby region. They have also built their own center in 1984 which can accommodate about 700 people and can be used for various function and parties.

UTSAV: For the Bengali people and to promote their heritage an association named UTSAV is formed in year 2005 which organizes various activities to expand their heritage in New York and nearby states. They celebrate various religious festivals and promote their language with various education programs. For the students doing graduation in New York and nearby regions there is an association of students, Graduate Indian Student Association (GISA) which is a non-profit organization and recognized by the Graduate Students Association at the University at Buffalo. They organize various activities like get- together and other events to make Indian Community feel proud and gathering them in one place. They also do activities to expand the Indian culture in New York and other regions. Another association for students is Club Zamana which is for undergraduate students of South Asian people. Zamana was formed by Indian students in 1970’s and later it was named Club Zamana at Columbia University and it started functioning for all South Asian students. They have more than 800 members now and promote South Asian culture in New York.  They foster their harmony in Columbia and shop their presence there.

Indian Religion: Indians who are living in United States are proud to be Indian and practice their religions in USA too. There are various temples for Hindu people and other places for worship in New York for Indian people of different religions. There are large numbers of temple of different God for Hindu religion people at various places in New York State like Arya Samaj Temple, Shri Surya Narayan Mandir, Ramakrishnananda Yoga Vedanta Mission for Yoga, Sri Sri Nitai Gauranga Mandir, Buvaneshwar Mandir, Shri Rama-Krishna Mandir, Staten Island Hindu Temple, Vishva Seva Asharma, The Brooklyn Hindu Temple, Cypress Hill Jyoti Mandir, Shree Satyam Mandir, Hare Krishna Temple, Sri Maha Vallabha Ganapathi Devasthanam, Swami Narayana Temple, Om Sai Mandir, Shirdi Sai Baba Temple, Asamai Hindu Temple, Capitol District Hindu Temple Society, Divya Dham (Jalaram’s Mandir), Sri Maha Vallabha Ganapati Devasthanam, Hindu Temple of Rochester, Maha Lakshmi Mandir Inc., Sri Rajarajeswari Peetam,  Hindu Mandir of Central New York, Shiva Hindu Temple & Cultural Center, Sri Hanuman Mandir / Shiv Shakti Mandir, Vaishnav Temple of New York. There are also many Hindu Temple Society of for maintenance and to look after the temples. For people of Jain religion there are many centers in New York like Jain Society of Buffalo, Jain Society of Capital District and Jain Society of Rochester where they organize their religious activities. People of Islam religion also have various places where they can pray and have study matter regarding their religion like Masjid Al-Aman and Islamic Center of Long Island. The job opportunities available in New York are main factor for immigration there for Indians. There are job in various fields like medicine, science, and business. There are many professionals who are migrating to New York for better salary and high standard of life style. They can make better future there and have better scopes for their next generations which also attract them towards these big cities of the world. There are many IT professionals working in New York from India and many professors teaching in universities. There is great scope of business and other financial activities which can give profit for long term.